At a glance
How 4,620 first tests went in 2025.
- Passed first time
- 78 in every 100
- Did not pass first time
- 22 in every 1001,029 failed first-attempt tests
- The typical car
- 8 yearsabout 79,098 miles
- First tests counted
- 4,620
What failed most often
- Brake pads (rear)14 in every 100 failed tests
- Tyre tread depth (front)11 in every 100 failed tests
- Tyre pressure monitoring system10 in every 100 failed tests
How we count this. Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Only Class 4 cars on their first MOT of the year are counted. A car that fails and is fixed at the test station still counts as a fail in the first-attempt rate. These are raw results, not adjusted for age, mileage, or peer mix. The MOT does not test engine or gearbox internals.
These are patterns across 2017 Ford Galaxy vehicles in 2025, not a prediction that any one car will have them. Faults are grouped by part of the car. A wear pattern follows age and use more than the way the car was built. They come from MOT defect codes, not manufacturer bulletins, recalls or a diagnosis of any one car.
Lamps and electrical
Three faults. The strongest is the headlight levelling device: 16 times as often as on similar cars.
Figures below are measured across the 1,029 failed first attempts in 2025 that had a mileage recorded, which allows a like-for-like comparison.
We only list faults with at least 20 failures and a rate of about 2.0 times that of similar cars, which keeps one-off results out of the list.
Headlight levelling device
What it means
A headlamp levelling device that is inoperative is graded Major, and so is a manual levelling device that cannot be operated from the driver's seat. Vehicles with high intensity discharge or LED dipped beam headlamps may have a self-levelling system, and if fitted it must work. Where it is not easy to tell, testers give the benefit of the doubt, and motor caravans are not checked.
Individual direction indicators (rear)
What it means
Direction indicators must be amber, though vehicles first used before a set date may have white at the front and red at the rear when the indicators are combined with stop or position lamps, and sequential or dynamic ones are not a reason to fail. A lamp that is missing, inoperative or has more than half of a multiple light source not functioning is graded Major. A flashing rate outside the permitted range is graded Minor.
Also noted as an advisory
Testers also noted it as an advisory, worn but not yet failing, on 28 first tests, 5.9 times as often as on similar cars.
Individual sidelight or tail light (front)
What it means
A position lamp showing red light to the front or white light to the rear is Major. Rear lamps must show a steady red light, and front ones can show white, predominantly white with a blue tinge, or yellow if combined in a yellow headlamp. With a multiple light source, up to half not working is Minor and more than half is Major.
Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Compared with cars of the same age and mileage. Advisories count notes recorded on failed first tests only.
Seat belts and restraints
One fault: airbag warning light, 3.1 times as often as on similar cars.
Airbag warning light
What it means
The airbag warning lamp (SRS MIL in DVSA's wording) is failed only if it indicates a system malfunction, which is Major. A lamp lit to show the passenger airbag is disabled is not to be regarded as a defect. Dashboard messages are not a defect in their own right, though they can help the tester confirm a malfunction.
Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Compared with cars of the same age and mileage.
Tyres
One wear pattern: tyre pressure monitoring system, 3.0 times as often as on similar cars.
Tyre pressure monitoring system
What it means
A tyre pressure monitoring system that is obviously inoperative is graded Major, and so is one listed as malfunctioning or obviously inoperative. The Minor row uses the word malfunctioning too, but its detail is a warning lamp indicating a fault, and it also covers a tyre that is obviously under-inflated.
Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Compared with cars of the same age and mileage.
Brakes
One fault and one wear pattern. The strongest is the anti-lock braking system (ABS): 2.8 times as often as on similar cars.
Anti-lock braking system (ABS)
What it means
ABS is failed as removed only where it has obviously been removed, because not every vehicle in the age range where removal is not permitted has ABS. A warning lamp that does not light or shows an ABS fault is Major, as is a missing or excessively damaged wheel speed sensor. Every failure row for this component is Major.
Brake pads (rear)
What it means
A pad worn down to its wear indicator, or contaminated with oil or grease, is Major. A pad worn below the set thickness limit, missing or incorrectly mounted is Dangerous. The manual treats an illuminated brake wear indicator as no reason for failure, although DVSA also lists an illuminated indicator as a Major row.
Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Compared with cars of the same age and mileage.
Advisories
Other things testers noted as worn or close to failing, more often than on similar cars.
An advisory is a note from the tester about something that has not failed yet. It is an early warning, not a fail. Advisories for the faults above are shown with those faults.
Number plates (rear)
Engine oil leaks
Data: UK MOT open data, 2025. Counts cover advisories recorded on failed first tests only, compared with cars of the same age and mileage.
MOT pass rates
How first tests ended, and how the pass rates are counted.
- Passed first time
- 78in every 100
- Passed on the first test.
- Fixed at the station
- 4in every 100
- Failed, then fixed at the test station the same day.
- Failed
- 18in every 100
- Did not pass, and were not fixed at the test station.
First-attempt pass 77.7% of 4,620 first tests (2025): only cars that passed first time count. Official-style pass 82.4%: cars fixed at the test station also count as a pass. The 4 fixed and the 18 not fixed make the 22 in every 100 that did not pass first time.
Same model, other years
Passed first time in every 100, all tested in 2025.
Newer cars are younger, so look for a jump rather than the climb. A year earlier (2024), when these cars were a year younger, 79 in every 100 passed first time.
| Year | Passed first time | First tests |
|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 55 in every 100 | 453 |
| 2004 | 48 in every 100 | 538 |
| 2005 | 50 in every 100 | 906 |
| 2006 | 50 in every 100 | 1,175 |
| 2007 | 53 in every 100 | 2,440 |
| 2008 | 54 in every 100 | 2,696 |
| 2009 | 54 in every 100 | 3,184 |
| 2010 | 55 in every 100 | 3,613 |
| 2011 | 54 in every 100 | 3,861 |
| 2012 | 57 in every 100 | 3,977 |
| 2013 | 57 in every 100 | 3,505 |
| 2014 | 56 in every 100 | 3,931 |
| 2015 | 62 in every 100 | 2,204 |
| 2016 | 77 in every 100 | 4,211 |
| 2017 This car | 78 in every 100 | 4,620 |
| 2018 | 79 in every 100 | 2,974 |
| 2019 | 77 in every 100 | 2,271 |
| 2020 | 81 in every 100 | 1,520 |
| 2021 | 75 in every 100 | 1,194 |
| 2022 | 82 in every 100 | 1,134 |
If you are buying one
What this year's MOT record means for the decision in front of you.
Mileage makes a modest difference on a 2017 Galaxy.
Of 2017 Galaxy vehicles with under 53,000 miles, 84 in every 100 passed their 2025 MOT first time. With 126,000 miles or more, 77 in every 100 did.
What to check at your mileage
How often each fault turned up on a failed first test, by the car's mileage. Read it as: what is likely to need looking at on a car like the one in front of you.
| Under 53,000 | 71,000–89,000 | 126,000 and over | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brake pads (rear) | 2.1 | 3.6 | 2.5 |
| Tyre tread depth (front) | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Tyre pressure monitoring system | 0.4 | 1.3 | 4.9 |
| Tyre condition (front) | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.7 |
| Individual sidelight or tail light (front) | 0.4 | 1.2 | 4.4 |
Faults per 100 first tests, by the car's mileage at the test.
When a car fails
of failed cars had one item to fix.
of failed cars had three or more items to fix.
of all first tests had a defect the tester marked dangerous (unsafe to drive away).
Every figure here is a first-attempt MOT rate from DVSA open data for this model line, for cars of this model year tested in 2025. Each mileage band holds a fifth of the tests. MOTs do not test engine or gearbox internals, so this is a pre-purchase checklist, not a full reliability score.
FAQs
Short answers about how to read this model-year guide.
About this data
How this page is built and what it can (and can't) say.
These figures come from UK MOT open data for this model year. We surface common failure patterns against similar cars, not a full reliability score, and not a pass/fail verdict on any individual vehicle.
What we include
UK Class 4 cars only. Normal MOT tests (not retests); first test per vehicle per calendar year; results pass, PRS, or fail.
Same-day repairs
PRS means the car failed items that were fixed at the test station and then passed the same day. We count PRS as a first-attempt fail in headline rates so same-day repairs do not hide problems.
How we compare
We compare this model year with other Class 4 cars of similar age and mileage in the same test year. This model family is left out of the peer group so the car is not measured against itself.
What this does not cover
- MOTs do not cover engine internals, gearboxes, or many electronics; this is not a full reliability score.
- Common faults come from MOT defect stats, not manufacturer TSBs or recalls.
- Age and mileage matching reduces, but does not remove, differences in how cars were used and maintained.
- If the data for a car is too thin to say anything useful, we say so rather than guess.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
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